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Pelvic ultrasound — transabdominal and transvaginal

Uterus, endometrium, both ovaries, adnexa, pouch of Douglas

When to use it

  • Acute pelvic pain, suspected ovarian torsion or adnexal mass.
  • Abnormal uterine bleeding; endometrial thickness assessment.
  • Early pregnancy assessment including suspected ectopic pregnancy.

Technique

  • Transvaginal imaging materially outperforms transabdominal for the endometrium and adnexa; transabdominal alone is usually insufficient for these questions.
  • Doppler assessment of ovarian flow where torsion is suspected.

Where it goes wrong

  • Normal ovarian Doppler flow does NOT exclude torsion — the diagnosis is clinical and morphological as much as vascular.

Contrast

None

Acquisition

Preparation
Full bladder for the transabdominal component; emptied before transvaginal.